The palm oil production process mainly includes the following stages:

Picking and transportation

Palm fruits are usually picked manually to ensure the freshness and integrity of the fruits and avoid damaging the fruits to affect the oil yield.

After picking, the palm fruits need to be transported to the palm oil processing plant quickly to prevent the fruits from fermenting and quality degradation. Because the oil palm fruits contain more lipase, if they are not handled in time after picking, the crude palm oil is easy to hydrolyze by itself to generate more free fatty acids, and the acid value increases rapidly.

Sterilization and Threshing

Sterilization: The palm fruits are sterilized by steaming or blanching. Generally, the palm fruits are steamed in high-temperature steam for a period of time, usually at about 100℃ for 30 minutes to 1 hour. The purpose is to destroy the lipase or fatty acid peroxidase in the fruit, prevent oil hydrolysis, stabilize the quality of palm oil, and also facilitate the subsequent dehydration and pressing operations.

Threshing: After sterilization, the palm fruits are dehydration by mechanical means to separate the pulp from the kernel to obtain palm pulp and palm kernel.

Pressing

Oil is extracted from palm pulp by palm oil pressing machine. This process requires controlling temperature and pressure to maximize the extraction of oil while maintaining its quality. Palm oil press equipment, such as a screw press, gradually squeezes the palm pulp through the rotation of the screw shaft to separate the oil from the pulp. The pressing temperature is generally controlled at 80℃-100℃ and the pressure is between 20MPa-50MPa.

Crude oil clarification and filtration

The crude palm oil obtained by pressing contains some impurities, such as meat residues, fibers, etc., which need to be clarified and filtered to improve the quality of the oil. Usually, the crude palm oil is left to stand for a period of time to allow the impurities to naturally settle to the bottom of the container, and then filtered through filtering equipment, such as filter screens, filter paper or centrifuges, to further remove the remaining impurities and obtain relatively pure crude palm oil.

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